Graviton. This is a research paper on the theoretical particle

The Graviton In elementary school we were taught that gravitation is a hurl that attracts all payoff towards each other. Its the condition why the stagnate images the Earth, why the Earth welkins the solarize, why the sun orbits the galactic optic of the Milky Way, ect. But not until last school be we given any(prenominal) explanation as to what causes gravitational attraction. umpteen hunch Einstein as the E=mc2 guy, and unless they dont even know what that means (the relation between goose egg and matter). So what does cause solemness? In A legal legal brief History of Time, Stephen Hawking explains that Aristotle believed in four elements; earth, fire, air, and water. Aristotle popular touch that it was the reputation of topics made of earth to be pulled back to Earth, heavier things nigher to its center, however as it was fires nature to rise. He theorized that the Earth was a unmoving sphere in space with the heavenly bodies orbiting it in their single spheres. Galileo Galilei proved this surmise wrong when he discover that Jupiter had some(prenominal) moons orbiting it, so not e realthing orbited virtually the Earth. He believed in Nicholas Copernicus, a Polish priest (1473-1543), theory that the sun was stationary and the planets orbited around it. Sir Isaac Newton published Principia Mathematica in 1687; in it he excellent three laws of soberness and put forth the change mathematics to analyze movements (specifically of the planets) through space. His equations predicted the orbits of the planets around the sun and the moons orbit around the Earth. It was noticed in the 19th blow by, Urbain denim Joseph LeVerrier, that Mercurys orbit was not fully explained by Newtons laws. Mercurys orbit go a minescule distance with every completion. Many scientists thought that the noise may be caused by another planet circumferent to the sun (the hypothetical planet was named Vulcan). In 1915 a reality by the name of Albert Einstein published his customary ! theory of theory of theory of relativity theory. In it he theorized that space and snip were one(a) locate area, like electromagnetism, called space-time. He said that matter curves space-time and the to a greater extent massive the reject the more it curves space-time. Gravity is the effect of that curve, when an object moves through the bent space-time its course through it is altered. If the short object is close copious and moving fast adequate it may orbit the more massive object, otherwise it lend slingshot around it or plummet towards it. While planetary relativity deals with the sizable population quantum chemical mechanism handles the subatomic universe. Quantum mechanics explains three of the four fundamental forces of nature, weak nuclear force, inviolable nuclear force, and electromagnetism (gravity being the fourth). A major conundrum in theoretical physics is combining universal relativity and quantum mechanics. zero(prenominal)theory has bee n presented that adequately combines quantum mechanics and general relativity and has been proven. tin Stegmaier told me, The thing about quantum mechanics is, it turns everything on its head. Quantum field theory depends on speck fields introduce in the flat space-time of special relativity. General relativity shows gravity as the curving of space-time around a gravitational mass. The most demonstrable federal agency to combine these is to treat gravity as another particle field, with an elementary particle for gravity called the graviton. The master(prenominal) problem with this is that gravity cannot be renormalized. Renormalization is the relationship between large scale parameters and small scale parameters. At low energies, the system of logic of the renormalization group tells us that, despite the unknown choices of the immeasurable parameters, quantum gravity will adulterate to the usual theory of general relativity. withal at very high energies every one of the infinite parameters would matter and it would go ba! d impossible to conciliate any predictions. Other theories, such as string theory suck up used the graviton defining it differently. Finding, and proving, a theory of quantum gravity is key to make predictions for science and exploration, also finding a theory to lodge with quantum mechanics would explain all the fundemental forces of nature and how matter is abnormal by them. This would lead to the much sought later theory of Everything (a theoretical theory that explains the entire universe). And finding conclusion of gravitons is already underway. NASA sent out a Gamma-Ray voluminous stadium Space Telescope (GLAST) in 2005 to try to respect the time effects of quantum gravity in the speed of gamma-beam demotes. GLAST is subject to point out high-energy gamma- enlighten exposes from massive distances. The bursts are the highest energies in the universe that we bring found, and smaller only then the energy caused by the full-grown bang. Each of them has an esti mated power of 1,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 suns (1 billion x 1 trillion). The inclination of GLAST is to see if these high-energy bursts are s swallow than those of dispirit energies, such as quantum gravity predicts. The more energy the burst has the more gravitons (and gravity) should slow it. While we still dont know, for sure, barely what causes gravity we have many, many theories about what it may be and what causes it. Einsteins relativity is the most widely accepted explanation of gravity. This quote, by John Stegmaier, explains it all, The finale of any theory is to explain something, and the ultimate goal of science is to explain everything, and we are well on our way. whole kit Cited Hawking, S. (1988). A Brief History of Time. New York: Bantam Books. Feynman, R. P.; Morinigo, F. B., Wagner, W. G., & axerophthol; Hatfield, B. (1995). Feynman lectures on gravitation. Addison-Wesley. Michielsen, K., D e Raedt, H. Quantum Mechanics. [Online]. accessible:! <http://rugth30.phys.rug.nl/quantummechanics/> [2008, April 10]. Wanjek, C. Quantum Gravity - revealed by gamma ray bursts? [Online]. Available: <http://www.astronomytoday.com/cosmology/quantumgrav.html> [2008, April 10]. Weinstein, S. Quantum Gravity. [Online]. Available: [2008, April 12]. Raine, D. The British Journal for the ism of Science, Vol. 35, No. 2 (Jun., 1984 ), pp. 188-191. [Online]. Available: [2008, May 8]. Wikipedia. Gravitation. [Online]. Available: [2008, April 10]. Wikipedia. Quantum Gravity. [Online]. Available: < http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum_gravity> [2008, April 10]. Wikipedia. Quantum Mechanics. [Online]. Available: < http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum_mechanics> [2008, April 10]. If you want to get a full essay, lodge it on our website: BestEssayCheap.com

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